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Khabre desk
Recent reporting, analysis and explainers from the cancer desk.
health
A medRxiv analysis of 354 FDA oncology approvals from 2014 through early 2025 found surrogate endpoints had become the dominant primary measure used for approval. The authors also reported different relationships between surrogate-endpoint benefits and overall survival for immunotherapy and non-immunotherapy approvals.
health
A bioRxiv preprint describes NeoOmni Atlas, a database built by reanalysing mass-spectrometry data from 26 cancer types. It catalogues HLA-presented peptides and computationally prioritises potential tumour-associated and tumour-specific targets.
health
EMA’s human medicines committee recommended six new medicines and five extensions of existing medicines’ indications at its 12–15 October 2026 meeting. The recommendations are not final EU marketing authorisations.
health
A bioRxiv preprint describes HistoProfile, an AI model that estimates immune-marker measurements from routine cancer tissue slides. The authors report AUROCs of 0.78–0.89 for distinguishing biomarker-high from biomarker-low tumours.
health
A 12-patient preprint reports that duplex sequencing detected the aristolochic acid-associated SBS22a mutation signature in blood and urine from patients with signature-positive urothelial tumours. The findings are a proof of concept, not yet a validated population screening test.
health
A pooled analysis of 1,038 patients found 86.5% five-year overall survival after neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors for resectable melanoma. Among patients whose tumours had a major pathological response, estimated five-year survival was 98%.
health
A bioRxiv preprint reports that an early interferon-responsive neutrophil program tracked resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in preclinical models of triple-negative breast cancer. Genetic disruption of interferon signalling in neutrophils improved treatment responses in those models.
health
In a first-in-human phase 1 trial, the oral WRN inhibitor RO7589831 produced disease control in 74.2% of 66 evaluable patients with MSI cancers, with confirmed partial responses in seven. The study selected two doses for further testing, while tumour biopsies did not provide a conclusive measure of target engagement.
health
A bioRxiv preprint reports that plasma mass spectrometry could detect some tumor-associated peptides, but neoepitope searches were constrained by limited overlap between cfDNA and tumor mutations and by MS sensitivity. Tissue remained the stronger reference for identifying tumor mutations and neoepitopes.
health
A medRxiv preprint reports that DIO2 is concentrated in cancer-associated fibroblasts across several solid tumours. In a genetically engineered mouse model, loss of Dio2 in the tumour microenvironment significantly reduced tumour growth.
health
A bioRxiv preprint reports that engineered Salmonella strain AD51, combined with intratumoral IFNγ, reduced tumour burden in mouse ovarian cancer and melanoma models. The findings are preclinical.
health
A medRxiv preprint reports improved clinical outcomes and changes in immune markers after N-acetylcysteine treatment in cancer patients with severe COVID-19. The clinical comparison used severity-matched patients treated before the trial began.