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Mount Etna study links eruption speed to carbon dioxide and water

A Cornell-led collaboration reconstructed the magma pathways behind two major Mount Etna eruptions and found sharply different roles for carbon dioxide and water. One eruption paused underground for weeks before erupting, while another reached the surface in hours.

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Seismic signals could provide early warnings of tsunamis from underwater volcanoes

Analysis of seismic data from Tonga’s 2022 Hunga eruption found that distant sensors detected T-waves linked to the collapse that produced the eruption’s largest tsunami. Because these signals travel at least seven times faster than tsunamis, they could support earlier warnings after underwater volcanic eruptions.