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Khabre desk
Recent reporting, analysis and explainers from the Immunology desk.
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A bioRxiv preprint reports insulin-binding B cells in people with stage 1 and stage 2 type 1 diabetes, including some without detectable insulin autoantibodies. The findings suggest that antibody tests alone may miss some insulin-directed immune activity.
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A bioRxiv preprint reports elevated activation in virus-specific CD8 T cells from a subset of people with long COVID. The immune-cell profiles are consistent with persistent antigen stimulation, but provide an indirect signal rather than direct detection of viral antigens.
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A bioRxiv preprint reports that a defined consortium of four enteric microbes gave laboratory mice several immune features seen in pet-store mice and adults. The authors also report changes in tumour patterns and CAR T-cell responses in mouse models.
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A bioRxiv preprint reports that Clec18a dampened inflammatory responses in cell and mouse experiments. The authors propose that it acts through Mincle, TRPM7-dependent calcium entry and the enzyme Cbl.
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A bioRxiv preprint reports that TFAM-insufficient CD8⁺ T cells in influenza-infected mice were associated with lung immunopathology and weaker later immune responses, without improved viral control. The researchers also observed age-associated declines in TFAM expression and mitochondrial function in human CD8⁺ T cells.
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A bioRxiv preprint reports that CD4+ T cells help activate a CD8+ T-cell response that causes heart-muscle injury in a genetic model of immune checkpoint inhibitor myocarditis. The findings distinguish immune-cell infiltration from the cytotoxic activity linked to tissue damage.
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A bioRxiv preprint reports anti-SDMA autoantibodies in 30–40% of people with systemic lupus erythematosus. In a separate validation cohort of 201 patients, antibody levels correlated with disease-activity scores and complement levels.
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A bioRxiv preprint describes two patient-derived anti-HPA-1a antibodies and finds that one induced platelet aggregation through coordinated binding to HPA-1a and FcγRIIa. The laboratory study provides a mechanistic explanation for functional differences among antibodies involved in fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia.
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A bioRxiv preprint describes IL-2IT, a bispecific fusion protein designed to carry IL-2 to oxidation-specific epitopes at inflamed sites. In laboratory and in vivo models, the treatment showed greater Treg selectivity and benefits in psoriasis, colitis and atherosclerosis models.